valarray_meta.h   [plain text]

// The template and inlines for the -*- C++ -*- internal _Meta class.

// Copyright (C) 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
//
// This file is part of the GNU ISO C++ Library.  This library is free
// software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
// terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
// Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
// any later version.

// This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
// GNU General Public License for more details.

// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
// with this library; see the file COPYING.  If not, write to the Free
// Software Foundation, 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307,
// USA.

// As a special exception, you may use this file as part of a free software
// library without restriction.  Specifically, if other files instantiate
// templates or use macros or inline functions from this file, or you compile
// this file and link it with other files to produce an executable, this
// file does not by itself cause the resulting executable to be covered by
// the GNU General Public License.  This exception does not however
// invalidate any other reasons why the executable file might be covered by
// the GNU General Public License.

// Written by Gabriel Dos Reis <Gabriel.Dos-Reis@cmla.ens-cachan.fr>

/** @file valarray_meta.h
 *  This is an internal header file, included by other library headers.
 *  You should not attempt to use it directly.
 */

#ifndef _CPP_VALARRAY_META_H
#define _CPP_VALARRAY_META_H 1

#pragma GCC system_header

namespace std
{
  //
  // Implementing a loosened valarray return value is tricky.
  // First we need to meet 26.3.1/3: we should not add more than
  // two levels of template nesting. Therefore we resort to template
  // template to "flatten" loosened return value types.
  // At some point we use partial specialization to remove one level
  // template nesting due to _Expr<>
  //
  
  // This class is NOT defined. It doesn't need to.
  template<typename _Tp1, typename _Tp2> class _Constant;

  // Implementations of unary functions applied to valarray<>s.
  // I use hard-coded object functions here instead of a generic
  // approach like pointers to function:
  //    1) correctness: some functions take references, others values.
  //       we can't deduce the correct type afterwards.
  //    2) efficiency -- object functions can be easily inlined
  //    3) be Koenig-lookup-friendly

  struct __abs
  {
    template<typename _Tp>
      _Tp operator()(const _Tp& __t) const { return abs(__t); }
  };

  struct __cos
  {
    template<typename _Tp>
      _Tp operator()(const _Tp& __t) const { return cos(__t); }
  };

  struct __acos
  {
    template<typename _Tp>
      _Tp operator()(const _Tp& __t) const { return acos(__t); }
  };

  struct __cosh
  {
    template<typename _Tp>
      _Tp operator()(const _Tp& __t) const { return cosh(__t); }
  };

  struct __sin
  {
    template<typename _Tp>
      _Tp operator()(const _Tp& __t) const { return sin(__t); }
  };

  struct __asin
  {
    template<typename _Tp>
      _Tp operator()(const _Tp& __t) const { return asin(__t); }
  };

  struct __sinh
  {
    template<typename _Tp>
      _Tp operator()(const _Tp& __t) const { return sinh(__t); }
  };

  struct __tan
  {
    template<typename _Tp>
      _Tp operator()(const _Tp& __t) const { return tan(__t); }
  };

  struct __atan
  {
    template<typename _Tp>
      _Tp operator()(const _Tp& __t) const { return atan(__t); }
  };

  struct __tanh
  {
    template<typename _Tp>
      _Tp operator()(const _Tp& __t) const { return tanh(__t); }
  };

  struct __exp
  {
    template<typename _Tp>
      _Tp operator()(const _Tp& __t) const { return exp(__t); }
  };

  struct __log
  {
    template<typename _Tp>
      _Tp operator()(const _Tp& __t) const { return log(__t); }
  };

  struct __log10
  {
    template<typename _Tp>
      _Tp operator()(const _Tp& __t) const { return log10(__t); }
  };

  struct __sqrt
  {
    template<typename _Tp>
      _Tp operator()(const _Tp& __t) const { return sqrt(__t); }
  };

  // In the past, we used to tailor operator applications semantics
  // to the specialization of standard function objects (i.e. plus<>, etc.)
  // That is incorrect.  Therefore we provide our own surrogates.

  struct __unary_plus
  {
    template<typename _Tp>
      _Tp operator()(const _Tp& __t) const { return +__t; }
  };

  struct __negate
  {
    template<typename _Tp>
      _Tp operator()(const _Tp& __t) const { return -__t; }
  };

  struct __bitwise_not
  {
    template<typename _Tp>
      _Tp operator()(const _Tp& __t) const { return ~__t; }
  };

  struct __plus
  {
    template<typename _Tp>
      _Tp operator()(const _Tp& __x, const _Tp& __y) const
      { return __x + __y; }
  };

  struct __minus
  {
    template<typename _Tp>
      _Tp operator()(const _Tp& __x, const _Tp& __y) const
      { return __x - __y; }
  };

  struct __multiplies
  {
    template<typename _Tp>
      _Tp operator()(const _Tp& __x, const _Tp& __y) const
      { return __x * __y; }
  };

  struct __divides
  {
    template<typename _Tp>
      _Tp operator()(const _Tp& __x, const _Tp& __y) const
      { return __x / __y; }
  };

  struct __modulus
  {
    template<typename _Tp>
      _Tp operator()(const _Tp& __x, const _Tp& __y) const
      { return __x % __y; }
  };

  struct __bitwise_xor
  {
    template<typename _Tp>
      _Tp operator()(const _Tp& __x, const _Tp& __y) const
      { return __x ^ __y; }
  };

  struct __bitwise_and
  {
    template<typename _Tp>
      _Tp operator()(const _Tp& __x, const _Tp& __y) const
      { return __x & __y; }
  };

  struct __bitwise_or
  {
    template<typename _Tp>
      _Tp operator()(const _Tp& __x, const _Tp& __y) const
      { return __x | __y; }
  };

  struct __shift_left
  {
    template<typename _Tp>
      _Tp operator()(const _Tp& __x, const _Tp& __y) const
      { return __x << __y; }
  };

  struct __shift_right
  {
    template<typename _Tp>
      _Tp operator()(const _Tp& __x, const _Tp& __y) const
      { return __x >> __y; }
  };

  struct __logical_and
  {
    template<typename _Tp>
      bool operator()(const _Tp& __x, const _Tp& __y) const
      { return __x && __y; }
  };

  struct __logical_or
  {
    template<typename _Tp>
      bool operator()(const _Tp& __x, const _Tp& __y) const
      { return __x || __y; }
  };

  struct __logical_not
  {
    template<typename _Tp>
      bool operator()(const _Tp& __x) const { return !__x; }
  };

  struct __equal_to
  {
    template<typename _Tp>
      bool operator()(const _Tp& __x, const _Tp& __y) const
      { return __x == __y; }
  };

  struct __not_equal_to
  {
    template<typename _Tp>
      bool operator()(const _Tp& __x, const _Tp& __y) const
      { return __x != __y; }
  };

  struct __less
  {
    template<typename _Tp>
      bool operator()(const _Tp& __x, const _Tp& __y) const
      { return __x < __y; }
  };

  struct __greater
  {
    template<typename _Tp>
      bool operator()(const _Tp& __x, const _Tp& __y) const
      { return __x > __y; }
  };

  struct __less_equal
  {
    template<typename _Tp>
      bool operator()(const _Tp& __x, const _Tp& __y) const
      { return __x <= __y; }
  };

  struct __greater_equal
  {
    template<typename _Tp>
      bool operator()(const _Tp& __x, const _Tp& __y) const
      { return __x >= __y; }
  };

  // The few binary functions we miss.
  struct __atan2
  {
    template<typename _Tp>
      _Tp operator()(const _Tp& __x, const _Tp& __y) const
      { return atan2(__x, __y); }
  };

  struct __pow
  {
    template<typename _Tp>
      _Tp operator()(const _Tp& __x, const _Tp& __y) const
      { return pow(__x, __y); }
  };


  // We need these bits in order to recover the return type of
  // some functions/operators now that we're no longer using
  // function templates.
  template<typename, typename _Tp>
    struct __fun
    {
      typedef _Tp result_type;
    };

  // several specializations for relational operators.
  template<typename _Tp>
    struct __fun<__logical_not, _Tp>
    {
      typedef bool result_type;
    };

  template<typename _Tp>
    struct __fun<__logical_and, _Tp>
    {
      typedef bool result_type;
    };

  template<typename _Tp>
    struct __fun<__logical_or, _Tp>
    {
      typedef bool result_type;
    };

  template<typename _Tp>
    struct __fun<__less, _Tp>
    {
      typedef bool result_type;
    };

  template<typename _Tp>
    struct __fun<__greater, _Tp>
    {
      typedef bool result_type;
    };

  template<typename _Tp>
    struct __fun<__less_equal, _Tp>
    {
      typedef bool result_type;
    };

  template<typename _Tp>
    struct __fun<__greater_equal, _Tp>
    {
      typedef bool result_type;
    };

  template<typename _Tp>
    struct __fun<__equal_to, _Tp>
    {
      typedef bool result_type;
    };

  template<typename _Tp>
    struct __fun<__not_equal_to, _Tp>
    {
      typedef bool result_type;
    };

    //
    // Apply function taking a value/const reference closure
    //

  template<typename _Dom, typename _Arg>
    class _FunBase 
    {
    public:
      typedef typename _Dom::value_type value_type;
      
      _FunBase(const _Dom& __e, value_type __f(_Arg))
	: _M_expr(__e), _M_func(__f) {}

      value_type operator[](size_t __i) const
      { return _M_func (_M_expr[__i]); }

      size_t size() const { return _M_expr.size ();}

    private:
        const _Dom& _M_expr;
        value_type (*_M_func)(_Arg);
    };

  template<class _Dom>
    struct _ValFunClos<_Expr,_Dom> : _FunBase<_Dom, typename _Dom::value_type> 
    {
      typedef _FunBase<_Dom, typename _Dom::value_type> _Base;
      typedef typename _Base::value_type value_type;
      typedef value_type _Tp;
    
      _ValFunClos(const _Dom& __e, _Tp __f(_Tp)) : _Base(__e, __f) {}
    };

  template<typename _Tp>
    struct _ValFunClos<_ValArray,_Tp> : _FunBase<valarray<_Tp>, _Tp>
    {
      typedef _FunBase<valarray<_Tp>, _Tp> _Base;
      typedef _Tp value_type;
      
      _ValFunClos(const valarray<_Tp>& __v, _Tp __f(_Tp)) : _Base(__v, __f) {}
    };

  template<class _Dom>
    struct _RefFunClos<_Expr,_Dom> :
        _FunBase<_Dom, const typename _Dom::value_type&> 
    {
      typedef _FunBase<_Dom, const typename _Dom::value_type&> _Base;
      typedef typename _Base::value_type value_type;
      typedef value_type _Tp;
      
      _RefFunClos(const _Dom& __e, _Tp __f(const _Tp&))
	: _Base(__e, __f) {}
    };

  template<typename _Tp>
    struct _RefFunClos<_ValArray,_Tp> : _FunBase<valarray<_Tp>, const _Tp&> 
    {
      typedef _FunBase<valarray<_Tp>, const _Tp&> _Base;
      typedef _Tp value_type;
      
      _RefFunClos(const valarray<_Tp>& __v, _Tp __f(const _Tp&))
	: _Base(__v, __f) {}
    };
    
  //
  // Unary expression closure.
  //

  template<class _Oper, class _Arg>
    class _UnBase
    {
    public:
      typedef typename _Arg::value_type _Vt;
      typedef typename __fun<_Oper, _Vt>::result_type value_type;

      _UnBase(const _Arg& __e) : _M_expr(__e) {}

      value_type operator[](size_t __i) const
      { return _Oper()(_M_expr[__i]); }

      size_t size() const { return _M_expr.size(); }

    private:
      const _Arg& _M_expr;
    };

  template<class _Oper, class _Dom>
    struct _UnClos<_Oper, _Expr, _Dom> :  _UnBase<_Oper, _Dom>
    {
      typedef _Dom _Arg;
      typedef _UnBase<_Oper, _Dom> _Base;
      typedef typename _Base::value_type value_type;
      
      _UnClos(const _Arg& __e) : _Base(__e) {}
    };

  template<class _Oper, typename _Tp>
    struct _UnClos<_Oper, _ValArray, _Tp> : _UnBase<_Oper, valarray<_Tp> > 
    {
      typedef valarray<_Tp> _Arg;
      typedef _UnBase<_Oper, valarray<_Tp> > _Base;
      typedef typename _Base::value_type value_type;
      
      _UnClos(const _Arg& __e) : _Base(__e) {}
    };


  //
  // Binary expression closure.
  //

  template<class _Oper, class _FirstArg, class _SecondArg>
    class _BinBase 
    {
    public:
        typedef typename _FirstArg::value_type _Vt;
        typedef typename __fun<_Oper, _Vt>::result_type value_type;

      _BinBase(const _FirstArg& __e1, const _SecondArg& __e2)
	: _M_expr1(__e1), _M_expr2(__e2) {}
      
      value_type operator[](size_t __i) const
      { return _Oper()(_M_expr1[__i], _M_expr2[__i]); }

      size_t size() const { return _M_expr1.size(); }
        
    private:
      const _FirstArg& _M_expr1;
      const _SecondArg& _M_expr2;
    };


  template<class _Oper, class _Clos>
    class _BinBase2
    {
    public:
      typedef typename _Clos::value_type _Vt;
      typedef typename __fun<_Oper, _Vt>::result_type value_type;

      _BinBase2(const _Clos& __e, const _Vt& __t)
	: _M_expr1(__e), _M_expr2(__t) {}

      value_type operator[](size_t __i) const
      { return _Oper()(_M_expr1[__i], _M_expr2); }

      size_t size() const { return _M_expr1.size(); }

    private:
      const _Clos& _M_expr1;
      const _Vt& _M_expr2;
    };

  template<class _Oper, class _Clos>
    class _BinBase1
    {
    public:
      typedef typename _Clos::value_type _Vt;
      typedef typename __fun<_Oper, _Vt>::result_type value_type;

      _BinBase1(const _Vt& __t, const _Clos& __e)
	: _M_expr1(__t), _M_expr2(__e) {}

      value_type operator[](size_t __i) const
      { return _Oper()(_M_expr1, _M_expr2[__i]); }
      
      size_t size() const { return _M_expr2.size(); }

    private:
      const _Vt& _M_expr1;
      const _Clos& _M_expr2;
    };
    
  template<class _Oper, class _Dom1, class _Dom2>
    struct _BinClos<_Oper, _Expr, _Expr, _Dom1, _Dom2>
        : _BinBase<_Oper,_Dom1,_Dom2> 
    {
      typedef _BinBase<_Oper,_Dom1,_Dom2> _Base;
      typedef typename _Base::value_type value_type;
        
      _BinClos(const _Dom1& __e1, const _Dom2& __e2) : _Base(__e1, __e2) {}
    };

  template<class _Oper, typename _Tp>
    struct _BinClos<_Oper,_ValArray,_ValArray,_Tp,_Tp>
      : _BinBase<_Oper,valarray<_Tp>,valarray<_Tp> > 
    {
      typedef _BinBase<_Oper,valarray<_Tp>,valarray<_Tp> > _Base;
      typedef _Tp value_type;

      _BinClos(const valarray<_Tp>& __v, const valarray<_Tp>& __w)
	: _Base(__v, __w) {}
    };

  template<class _Oper, class _Dom>
    struct _BinClos<_Oper,_Expr,_ValArray,_Dom,typename _Dom::value_type>
      : _BinBase<_Oper,_Dom,valarray<typename _Dom::value_type> > 
    {
      typedef typename _Dom::value_type _Tp;
      typedef _BinBase<_Oper,_Dom,valarray<_Tp> > _Base;
      typedef typename _Base::value_type value_type;
      
      _BinClos(const _Dom& __e1, const valarray<_Tp>& __e2)
	: _Base(__e1, __e2) {}
    };

  template<class _Oper, class _Dom>
    struct  _BinClos<_Oper,_ValArray,_Expr,typename _Dom::value_type,_Dom>
      : _BinBase<_Oper,valarray<typename _Dom::value_type>,_Dom> 
    {
      typedef typename _Dom::value_type _Tp;
      typedef _BinBase<_Oper,valarray<_Tp>,_Dom> _Base;
      typedef typename _Base::value_type value_type;
      
      _BinClos(const valarray<_Tp>& __e1, const _Dom& __e2)
	: _Base(__e1, __e2) {}
    };

  template<class _Oper, class _Dom>
    struct _BinClos<_Oper,_Expr,_Constant,_Dom,typename _Dom::value_type>
      : _BinBase2<_Oper,_Dom> 
    {
      typedef typename _Dom::value_type _Tp;
      typedef _BinBase2<_Oper,_Dom> _Base;
      typedef typename _Base::value_type value_type;
      
      _BinClos(const _Dom& __e1, const _Tp& __e2) : _Base(__e1, __e2) {}
    };

  template<class _Oper, class _Dom>
    struct _BinClos<_Oper,_Constant,_Expr,typename _Dom::value_type,_Dom>
      : _BinBase1<_Oper,_Dom> 
    {
      typedef typename _Dom::value_type _Tp;
      typedef _BinBase1<_Oper,_Dom> _Base;
      typedef typename _Base::value_type value_type;
      
      _BinClos(const _Tp& __e1, const _Dom& __e2) : _Base(__e1, __e2) {}
    };
    
  template<class _Oper, typename _Tp>
    struct _BinClos<_Oper,_ValArray,_Constant,_Tp,_Tp>
      : _BinBase2<_Oper,valarray<_Tp> > 
    {
      typedef _BinBase2<_Oper,valarray<_Tp> > _Base;
      typedef typename _Base::value_type value_type;
      
      _BinClos(const valarray<_Tp>& __v, const _Tp& __t) : _Base(__v, __t) {}
    };

  template<class _Oper, typename _Tp>
    struct _BinClos<_Oper,_Constant,_ValArray,_Tp,_Tp>
      : _BinBase1<_Oper,valarray<_Tp> > 
    {
      typedef _BinBase1<_Oper,valarray<_Tp> > _Base;
      typedef typename _Base::value_type value_type;
      
      _BinClos(const _Tp& __t, const valarray<_Tp>& __v) : _Base(__t, __v) {}
    };
        

    //
    // slice_array closure.
    //
    template<typename _Dom>  class _SBase {
    public:
        typedef typename _Dom::value_type value_type;

        _SBase (const _Dom& __e, const slice& __s)
                : _M_expr (__e), _M_slice (__s) {}
        value_type operator[] (size_t __i) const
        { return _M_expr[_M_slice.start () + __i * _M_slice.stride ()]; }
        size_t size() const { return _M_slice.size (); }

    private:
        const _Dom& _M_expr;
        const slice& _M_slice;
    };

    template<typename _Tp> class _SBase<_Array<_Tp> > {
    public:
        typedef _Tp value_type;

        _SBase (_Array<_Tp> __a, const slice& __s)
                : _M_array (__a._M_data+__s.start()), _M_size (__s.size()),
                  _M_stride (__s.stride()) {}
        value_type operator[] (size_t __i) const
        { return _M_array._M_data[__i * _M_stride]; }
        size_t size() const { return _M_size; }

    private:
        const _Array<_Tp> _M_array;
        const size_t _M_size;
        const size_t _M_stride;
    };

    template<class _Dom> struct  _SClos<_Expr,_Dom> : _SBase<_Dom> {
        typedef _SBase<_Dom> _Base;
        typedef typename _Base::value_type value_type;
        
        _SClos (const _Dom& __e, const slice& __s) : _Base (__e, __s) {}
    };

    template<typename _Tp>
    struct _SClos<_ValArray,_Tp> : _SBase<_Array<_Tp> > {
        typedef  _SBase<_Array<_Tp> > _Base;
        typedef _Tp value_type;

        _SClos (_Array<_Tp> __a, const slice& __s) : _Base (__a, __s) {}
    };

    //
    // gslice_array closure.
    //
    template<class _Dom> class _GBase {
    public:
        typedef typename _Dom::value_type value_type;
        
        _GBase (const _Dom& __e, const valarray<size_t>& __i)
                : _M_expr (__e), _M_index(__i) {}
        value_type operator[] (size_t __i) const
        { return _M_expr[_M_index[__i]]; }
        size_t size () const { return _M_index.size(); }
        
    private:
        const _Dom&	 _M_expr;
        const valarray<size_t>& _M_index;
    };
    
    template<typename _Tp> class _GBase<_Array<_Tp> > {
    public:
        typedef _Tp value_type;
        
        _GBase (_Array<_Tp> __a, const valarray<size_t>& __i)
                : _M_array (__a), _M_index(__i) {}
        value_type operator[] (size_t __i) const
        { return _M_array._M_data[_M_index[__i]]; }
        size_t size () const { return _M_index.size(); }
        
    private:
        const _Array<_Tp>     _M_array;
        const valarray<size_t>& _M_index;
    };

    template<class _Dom> struct _GClos<_Expr,_Dom> : _GBase<_Dom> {
        typedef _GBase<_Dom> _Base;
        typedef typename _Base::value_type value_type;

        _GClos (const _Dom& __e, const valarray<size_t>& __i)
                : _Base (__e, __i) {}
    };

    template<typename _Tp>
    struct _GClos<_ValArray,_Tp> : _GBase<_Array<_Tp> > {
        typedef _GBase<_Array<_Tp> > _Base;
        typedef typename _Base::value_type value_type;

        _GClos (_Array<_Tp> __a, const valarray<size_t>& __i)
                : _Base (__a, __i) {}
    };

    //
    // indirect_array closure
    //

    template<class _Dom> class _IBase {
    public:
        typedef typename _Dom::value_type value_type;

        _IBase (const _Dom& __e, const valarray<size_t>& __i)
                : _M_expr (__e), _M_index (__i) {}
        value_type operator[] (size_t __i) const
        { return _M_expr[_M_index[__i]]; }
        size_t size() const { return _M_index.size(); }
        
    private:
        const _Dom& 	    _M_expr;
        const valarray<size_t>& _M_index;
    };

    template<class _Dom> struct _IClos<_Expr,_Dom> : _IBase<_Dom> {
        typedef _IBase<_Dom> _Base;
        typedef typename _Base::value_type value_type;

        _IClos (const _Dom& __e, const valarray<size_t>& __i)
                : _Base (__e, __i) {}
    };

    template<typename _Tp>
    struct _IClos<_ValArray,_Tp>  : _IBase<valarray<_Tp> > {
        typedef _IBase<valarray<_Tp> > _Base;
        typedef _Tp value_type;

        _IClos (const valarray<_Tp>& __a, const valarray<size_t>& __i)
                : _Base (__a, __i) {}
    };

  //
  // class _Expr
  //      
  template<class _Clos, typename _Tp> 
    class _Expr
    {
    public:
      typedef _Tp value_type;
      
      _Expr(const _Clos&);
      
      const _Clos& operator()() const;
        
      value_type operator[](size_t) const;
      valarray<value_type> operator[](slice) const;
      valarray<value_type> operator[](const gslice&) const;
      valarray<value_type> operator[](const valarray<bool>&) const;
      valarray<value_type> operator[](const valarray<size_t>&) const;
    
      _Expr<_UnClos<__unary_plus,std::_Expr,_Clos>, value_type>
        operator+() const;

      _Expr<_UnClos<__negate,std::_Expr,_Clos>, value_type>
        operator-() const;

      _Expr<_UnClos<__bitwise_not,std::_Expr,_Clos>, value_type>
        operator~() const;

      _Expr<_UnClos<__logical_not,std::_Expr,_Clos>, bool>
        operator!() const;

      size_t size() const;
      value_type sum() const;
        
      valarray<value_type> shift(int) const;
      valarray<value_type> cshift(int) const;

      value_type min() const;
      value_type max() const;

      valarray<value_type> apply(value_type (*)(const value_type&)) const;
      valarray<value_type> apply(value_type (*)(value_type)) const;
        
    private:
      const _Clos _M_closure;
    };
    
  template<class _Clos, typename _Tp>
    inline
    _Expr<_Clos,_Tp>::_Expr(const _Clos& __c) : _M_closure(__c) {}
    
  template<class _Clos, typename _Tp>
    inline const _Clos&
    _Expr<_Clos,_Tp>::operator()() const
    { return _M_closure; }

  template<class _Clos, typename _Tp>
    inline _Tp
    _Expr<_Clos,_Tp>::operator[](size_t __i) const
    { return _M_closure[__i]; }

  template<class _Clos, typename _Tp>
    inline valarray<_Tp>
    _Expr<_Clos,_Tp>::operator[](slice __s) const
    { return _M_closure[__s]; }
    
  template<class _Clos, typename _Tp>
    inline valarray<_Tp>
    _Expr<_Clos,_Tp>::operator[](const gslice& __gs) const
    { return _M_closure[__gs]; }
    
  template<class _Clos, typename _Tp>
    inline valarray<_Tp>
    _Expr<_Clos,_Tp>::operator[](const valarray<bool>& __m) const
    { return _M_closure[__m]; }
    
  template<class _Clos, typename _Tp>
    inline valarray<_Tp>
    _Expr<_Clos,_Tp>::operator[](const valarray<size_t>& __i) const
    { return _M_closure[__i]; }
    
  template<class _Clos, typename _Tp>
    inline size_t
    _Expr<_Clos,_Tp>::size() const  { return _M_closure.size (); }

  template<class _Clos, typename _Tp>
    inline valarray<_Tp>
    _Expr<_Clos, _Tp>::shift(int __n) const
    { return valarray<_Tp>(_M_closure).shift(__n); }

  template<class _Clos, typename _Tp>
    inline valarray<_Tp>
    _Expr<_Clos, _Tp>::cshift(int __n) const
    { return valarray<_Tp>(_M_closure).cshift(__n); }

  template<class _Clos, typename _Tp>
    inline valarray<_Tp>
    _Expr<_Clos, _Tp>::apply(_Tp __f(const _Tp&)) const
    { return valarray<_Tp>(_M_closure).apply(__f); }
    
  template<class _Clos, typename _Tp>
    inline valarray<_Tp>
    _Expr<_Clos, _Tp>::apply(_Tp __f(_Tp)) const
    { return valarray<_Tp>(_M_closure).apply(__f); }

  // XXX: replace this with a more robust summation algorithm.
  template<class _Clos, typename _Tp>
    inline _Tp
    _Expr<_Clos,_Tp>::sum() const
    {
      size_t __n = _M_closure.size();
      if (__n == 0) 
	return _Tp();
      else 
	{
	  _Tp __s = _M_closure[--__n];
	  while (__n != 0)
	    __s += _M_closure[--__n];
	  return __s;
        }
    }

  template<class _Clos, typename _Tp>
    inline _Tp
    _Expr<_Clos, _Tp>::min() const
    { return __valarray_min(_M_closure); }

  template<class _Clos, typename _Tp>
    inline _Tp
    _Expr<_Clos, _Tp>::max() const
    { return __valarray_max(_M_closure); }
    
  template<class _Dom, typename _Tp>
    inline _Expr<_UnClos<__logical_not,_Expr,_Dom>, bool>
    _Expr<_Dom,_Tp>::operator!() const
    {
      typedef _UnClos<__logical_not,std::_Expr,_Dom> _Closure;
      return _Expr<_Closure,_Tp>(_Closure(this->_M_closure));
    }

#define _DEFINE_EXPR_UNARY_OPERATOR(_Op, _Name)                           \
  template<class _Dom, typename _Tp>                                      \
    inline _Expr<_UnClos<_Name,std::_Expr,_Dom>,_Tp>                      \
    _Expr<_Dom,_Tp>::operator _Op() const                                 \
    {                                                                     \
      typedef _UnClos<_Name,std::_Expr,_Dom> _Closure;                    \
      return _Expr<_Closure,_Tp>(_Closure(this->_M_closure));             \
    }

    _DEFINE_EXPR_UNARY_OPERATOR(+, __unary_plus)
    _DEFINE_EXPR_UNARY_OPERATOR(-, __negate)
    _DEFINE_EXPR_UNARY_OPERATOR(~, __bitwise_not)

#undef _DEFINE_EXPR_UNARY_OPERATOR


#define _DEFINE_EXPR_BINARY_OPERATOR(_Op, _Name)                        \
  template<class _Dom1, class _Dom2>					\
  inline _Expr<_BinClos<_Name,_Expr,_Expr,_Dom1,_Dom2>,                 \
         typename __fun<_Name, typename _Dom1::value_type>::result_type>\
  operator _Op(const _Expr<_Dom1,typename _Dom1::value_type>& __v,      \
	       const _Expr<_Dom2,typename _Dom2::value_type>& __w)      \
  {                                                                     \
    typedef typename _Dom1::value_type _Arg;                            \
    typedef typename __fun<_Name, _Arg>::result_type _Value;            \
    typedef _BinClos<_Name,_Expr,_Expr,_Dom1,_Dom2> _Closure;           \
    return _Expr<_Closure,_Value>(_Closure(__v(), __w()));              \
  }                                                                     \
                                                                        \
template<class _Dom>                                                    \
inline _Expr<_BinClos<_Name,_Expr,_Constant,_Dom,typename _Dom::value_type>,\
             typename __fun<_Name, typename _Dom::value_type>::result_type>\
operator _Op(const _Expr<_Dom,typename _Dom::value_type>& __v,          \
             const typename _Dom::value_type& __t)                      \
{                                                                       \
  typedef typename _Dom::value_type _Arg;                               \
  typedef typename __fun<_Name, _Arg>::result_type _Value;              \
  typedef _BinClos<_Name,_Expr,_Constant,_Dom,_Arg> _Closure;           \
  return _Expr<_Closure,_Value>(_Closure(__v(), __t));                  \
}                                                                       \
                                                                        \
template<class _Dom>                                                    \
inline _Expr<_BinClos<_Name,_Constant,_Expr,typename _Dom::value_type,_Dom>,\
             typename __fun<_Name, typename _Dom::value_type>::result_type>\
operator _Op(const typename _Dom::value_type& __t,                      \
             const _Expr<_Dom,typename _Dom::value_type>& __v)          \
{                                                                       \
  typedef typename _Dom::value_type _Arg;                               \
  typedef typename __fun<_Name, _Arg>::result_type _Value;              \
  typedef _BinClos<_Name,_Constant,_Expr,_Arg,_Dom> _Closure;           \
  return _Expr<_Closure,_Value>(_Closure(__t, __v()));                  \
}                                                                       \
                                                                        \
template<class _Dom>                                                    \
inline _Expr<_BinClos<_Name,_Expr,_ValArray,_Dom,typename _Dom::value_type>,\
             typename __fun<_Name, typename _Dom::value_type>::result_type>\
operator _Op(const _Expr<_Dom,typename _Dom::value_type>& __e,          \
             const valarray<typename _Dom::value_type>& __v)            \
{                                                                       \
  typedef typename _Dom::value_type _Arg;                               \
  typedef typename __fun<_Name, _Arg>::result_type _Value;              \
  typedef _BinClos<_Name,_Expr,_ValArray,_Dom,_Arg> _Closure;           \
  return  _Expr<_Closure,_Value>(_Closure(__e(), __v));                 \
}                                                                       \
                                                                        \
template<class _Dom>                                                    \
inline _Expr<_BinClos<_Name,_ValArray,_Expr,typename _Dom::value_type,_Dom>,\
             typename __fun<_Name, typename _Dom::value_type>::result_type>\
operator _Op(const valarray<typename _Dom::value_type>& __v,            \
             const _Expr<_Dom,typename _Dom::value_type>& __e)          \
{                                                                       \
  typedef typename _Dom::value_type _Tp;                                \
  typedef typename __fun<_Name, _Tp>::result_type _Value;               \
  typedef _BinClos<_Name,_ValArray,_Expr,_Tp,_Dom> _Closure;            \
  return _Expr<_Closure,_Value> (_Closure (__v, __e ()));               \
}

    _DEFINE_EXPR_BINARY_OPERATOR(+, __plus)
    _DEFINE_EXPR_BINARY_OPERATOR(-, __minus)
    _DEFINE_EXPR_BINARY_OPERATOR(*, __multiplies)
    _DEFINE_EXPR_BINARY_OPERATOR(/, __divides)
    _DEFINE_EXPR_BINARY_OPERATOR(%, __modulus)
    _DEFINE_EXPR_BINARY_OPERATOR(^, __bitwise_xor)
    _DEFINE_EXPR_BINARY_OPERATOR(&, __bitwise_and)
    _DEFINE_EXPR_BINARY_OPERATOR(|, __bitwise_or)
    _DEFINE_EXPR_BINARY_OPERATOR(<<, __shift_left)
    _DEFINE_EXPR_BINARY_OPERATOR(>>, __shift_right)
    _DEFINE_EXPR_BINARY_OPERATOR(&&, __logical_and)
    _DEFINE_EXPR_BINARY_OPERATOR(||, __logical_or)
    _DEFINE_EXPR_BINARY_OPERATOR(==, __equal_to)
    _DEFINE_EXPR_BINARY_OPERATOR(!=, __not_equal_to)
    _DEFINE_EXPR_BINARY_OPERATOR(<, __less)
    _DEFINE_EXPR_BINARY_OPERATOR(>, __greater)
    _DEFINE_EXPR_BINARY_OPERATOR(<=, __less_equal)
    _DEFINE_EXPR_BINARY_OPERATOR(>=, __greater_equal)

#undef _DEFINE_EXPR_BINARY_OPERATOR

#define _DEFINE_EXPR_UNARY_FUNCTION(_Name)                               \
  template<class _Dom>                                                   \
    inline _Expr<_UnClos<__##_Name,_Expr,_Dom>,typename _Dom::value_type>\
    _Name(const _Expr<_Dom,typename _Dom::value_type>& __e)              \
    {                                                                    \
      typedef typename _Dom::value_type _Tp;                             \
      typedef _UnClos<__##_Name,_Expr,_Dom> _Closure;                    \
      return _Expr<_Closure,_Tp>(_Closure(__e()));                       \
    }                                                                    \
                                                                         \
  template<typename _Tp>                                                 \
    inline _Expr<_UnClos<__##_Name,_ValArray,_Tp>,_Tp>                   \
    _Name(const valarray<_Tp>& __v)                                      \
    {                                                                    \
      typedef _UnClos<__##_Name,_ValArray,_Tp> _Closure;                 \
      return _Expr<_Closure,_Tp>(_Closure(__v));                         \
    }

    _DEFINE_EXPR_UNARY_FUNCTION(abs)
    _DEFINE_EXPR_UNARY_FUNCTION(cos)
    _DEFINE_EXPR_UNARY_FUNCTION(acos)
    _DEFINE_EXPR_UNARY_FUNCTION(cosh)    
    _DEFINE_EXPR_UNARY_FUNCTION(sin)
    _DEFINE_EXPR_UNARY_FUNCTION(asin)
    _DEFINE_EXPR_UNARY_FUNCTION(sinh)    
    _DEFINE_EXPR_UNARY_FUNCTION(tan)
    _DEFINE_EXPR_UNARY_FUNCTION(tanh)
    _DEFINE_EXPR_UNARY_FUNCTION(atan)
    _DEFINE_EXPR_UNARY_FUNCTION(exp)    
    _DEFINE_EXPR_UNARY_FUNCTION(log)
    _DEFINE_EXPR_UNARY_FUNCTION(log10)
    _DEFINE_EXPR_UNARY_FUNCTION(sqrt)

#undef _DEFINE_EXPR_UNARY_FUNCTION

#define _DEFINE_EXPR_BINARY_FUNCTION(_Fun)                             \
  template<class _Dom1, class _Dom2>                                   \
    inline _Expr<_BinClos<__##_Fun,_Expr,_Expr,_Dom1,_Dom2>,           \
		 typename _Dom1::value_type>                           \
    _Fun(const _Expr<_Dom1,typename _Dom1::value_type>& __e1,          \
	  const _Expr<_Dom2,typename _Dom2::value_type>& __e2)         \
    {                                                                  \
      typedef typename _Dom1::value_type _Tp;                          \
      typedef _BinClos<__##_Fun,_Expr,_Expr,_Dom1,_Dom2> _Closure;     \
      return _Expr<_Closure,_Tp>(_Closure(__e1(), __e2()));            \
    }                                                                  \
                                                                       \
  template<class _Dom>                                                 \
    inline _Expr<_BinClos<__##_Fun, _Expr, _ValArray, _Dom,            \
			  typename _Dom::value_type>,                  \
		 typename _Dom::value_type>                            \
    _Fun(const _Expr<_Dom,typename _Dom::value_type>& __e,             \
	 const valarray<typename _Dom::value_type>& __v)               \
    {                                                                  \
      typedef typename _Dom::value_type _Tp;                           \
      typedef _BinClos<__##_Fun, _Expr, _ValArray, _Dom, _Tp> _Closure;\
      return _Expr<_Closure,_Tp>(_Closure(__e(), __v));                \
    }                                                                  \
                                                                       \
  template<class _Dom>                                                 \
    inline _Expr<_BinClos<__##_Fun, _ValArray, _Expr,                  \
			  typename _Dom::value_type,_Dom>,             \
		 typename _Dom::value_type>                            \
    _Fun(const valarray<typename _Dom::valarray>& __v,                 \
	 const _Expr<_Dom,typename _Dom::value_type>& __e)             \
    {                                                                  \
      typedef typename _Dom::value_type _Tp;                           \
      typedef _BinClos<__##_Fun,_ValArray,_Expr,_Tp,_Dom> _Closure;    \
      return _Expr<_Closure,_Tp>(_Closure(__v, __e()));                \
    }                                                                  \
                                                                       \
  template<class _Dom>                                                 \
    inline _Expr<_BinClos<__##_Fun,_Expr,_Constant,_Dom,               \
			  typename _Dom::value_type>,                  \
		 typename _Dom::value_type>                            \
    _Fun(const _Expr<_Dom, typename _Dom::value_type>& __e,            \
	 const typename _Dom::value_type& __t)                         \
    {                                                                  \
      typedef typename _Dom::value_type _Tp;                           \
      typedef _BinClos<__##_Fun,_Expr,_Constant,_Dom,_Tp> _Closure;    \
      return _Expr<_Closure,_Tp>(_Closure(__e(), __t));                \
    }                                                                  \
                                                                       \
  template<class _Dom>                                                 \
    inline _Expr<_BinClos<__##_Fun,_Constant,_Expr,                    \
			  typename _Dom::value_type,_Dom>,             \
		 typename _Dom::value_type>                            \
    _Fun(const typename _Dom::value_type& __t,                         \
	 const _Expr<_Dom,typename _Dom::value_type>& __e)             \
    {                                                                  \
      typedef typename _Dom::value_type _Tp;                           \
      typedef _BinClos<__##_Fun, _Constant,_Expr,_Tp,_Dom> _Closure;   \
      return _Expr<_Closure,_Tp>(_Closure(__t, __e()));                \
    }                                                                  \
                                                                       \
  template<typename _Tp>                                               \
    inline _Expr<_BinClos<__##_Fun,_ValArray,_ValArray,_Tp,_Tp>, _Tp>  \
    _Fun(const valarray<_Tp>& __v, const valarray<_Tp>& __w)           \
    {                                                                  \
      typedef _BinClos<__##_Fun,_ValArray,_ValArray,_Tp,_Tp> _Closure; \
      return _Expr<_Closure,_Tp>(_Closure(__v, __w));                  \
    }                                                                  \
                                                                       \
  template<typename _Tp>                                               \
    inline _Expr<_BinClos<__##_Fun,_ValArray,_Constant,_Tp,_Tp>,_Tp>   \
    _Fun(const valarray<_Tp>& __v, const _Tp& __t)                     \
    {                                                                  \
      typedef _BinClos<__##_Fun,_ValArray,_Constant,_Tp,_Tp> _Closure; \
      return _Expr<_Closure,_Tp>(_Closure(__v, __t));                  \
    }                                                                  \
								       \
  template<typename _Tp>                                               \
    inline _Expr<_BinClos<__##_Fun,_Constant,_ValArray,_Tp,_Tp>,_Tp>   \
    _Fun(const _Tp& __t, const valarray<_Tp>& __v)                     \
    {                                                                  \
      typedef _BinClos<__##_Fun,_Constant,_ValArray,_Tp,_Tp> _Closure; \
      return _Expr<_Closure,_Tp>(_Closure(__t, __v));                  \
    }

_DEFINE_EXPR_BINARY_FUNCTION(atan2)
_DEFINE_EXPR_BINARY_FUNCTION(pow)

#undef _DEFINE_EXPR_BINARY_FUNCTION

} // std::


#endif /* _CPP_VALARRAY_META_H */

// Local Variables:
// mode:c++
// End: