use Test; BEGIN { plan tests => 4 } use XML::XPath; ok(1); my $xp = XML::XPath->new(ioref => *DATA); ok($xp); my @nodes; @nodes = $xp->findnodes('/AAA/XXX/preceding::*'); ok(@nodes, 4); @nodes = $xp->findnodes('//GGG/preceding::*'); ok(@nodes, 8); __DATA__ <AAA> <BBB> <CCC/> <ZZZ> <DDD/> </ZZZ> </BBB> <XXX> <DDD> <EEE/> <DDD/> <CCC/> <FFF/> <FFF> <GGG/> </FFF> </DDD> </XXX> <CCC> <DDD/> </CCC> </AAA>