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<div class="sect1" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
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<h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="cursorJavaUsage"></a>Cursor Example</h2>
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<p>In <a href="dbtJavaUsage.html">Database Usage Example</a> we wrote an
application that loaded two <tt class="classname">Database</tt> objects with vendor
and inventory information. In this example, we will use those databases to
display all of the items in the inventory database. As a part of showing
any given inventory item, we will look up the vendor who can provide the
item and show the vendor's contact information.</p>
<p>To do this, we create the <tt class="classname">ExampleDatabaseRead</tt>
application. This application reads and displays all inventory records by:</p>
<div class="orderedlist">
<ol type="1">
<li>
<p>Opening the inventory, vendor, and
class catalog <tt class="classname">Database</tt> objects. We do this using the
<tt class="classname">MyDbs</tt> class. See <a href="dbtJavaUsage.html#dbsStoredClass">Stored Class Catalog Management with MyDbs</a>
for a description of this class.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Obtaining a cursor from the inventory <tt class="classname">Database</tt>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Steps through the <tt class="classname">Database</tt>, displaying
each record as it goes.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>To display the Inventory record, the custom tuple binding that
we created in <a href="dbtJavaUsage.html#InventoryJavaBinding">InventoryBinding.java</a> is used.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><tt class="methodname">Database.get()</tt> is used to obtain the vendor that corresponds to
the inventory item.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>A serial binding is used to convert the
<tt class="classname">DatabaseEntry</tt> returned
by the <tt class="methodname">get()</tt> to a Vendor object.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The contents of the Vendor object are displayed.</p>
</li>
</ol>
</div>
<p>We implemented the <tt class="classname">Vendor</tt> class in <a href="dbtJavaUsage.html#vendorjava">Vendor.java</a>. We implemented the
<tt class="classname">Inventory</tt> class in <a href="dbtJavaUsage.html#inventoryjava">Inventory.java</a>.</p>
<p>The full implementation of <tt class="classname">ExampleDatabaseRead</tt>
can be found in:
</p>
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="emphasis"><em>DB_INSTALL</em></span>/examples_java/db/GettingStarted</pre>
<p>
where <tt class="literal"><span class="emphasis"><em>DB_INSTALL</em></span></tt> is the location where you
placed your DB distribution.
</p>
<div class="example">
<a id="EDR"></a>
<p class="title">
<b>Example 9.1 ExampleDatabaseRead.java</b>
</p>
<p>To begin, we import the necessary classes:</p>
<a id="java_cursor10"></a>
<pre class="programlisting">// file ExampleDatabaseRead.java
package db.GettingStarted;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import com.sleepycat.bind.EntryBinding;
import com.sleepycat.bind.serial.SerialBinding;
import com.sleepycat.bind.tuple.TupleBinding;
import com.sleepycat.db.Cursor;
import com.sleepycat.db.DatabaseEntry;
import com.sleepycat.db.DatabaseException;
import com.sleepycat.db.LockMode;
import com.sleepycat.db.OperationStatus;</pre>
<p>Next we declare our class and set up some global variables. Note a
<tt class="classname">MyDbs</tt> object is instantiated here. We can do
this because its constructor never throws an exception. See <a href="CoreJavaUsage.html">Database Example</a> for its implementation
details.</p>
<a id="java_cursor11"></a>
<pre class="programlisting">public class ExampleDatabaseRead {
private static String myDbsPath = "./";
// Encapsulates the database environment and databases.
private static MyDbs myDbs = new MyDbs();
private static TupleBinding inventoryBinding;
private static EntryBinding vendorBinding; </pre>
<p>
Next we create the <tt class="methodname">ExampleDatabaseRead.usage()</tt> and
<tt class="methodname">ExampleDatabaseRead.main()</tt> methods.
We perform almost all of our exception handling from <tt class="methodname">ExampleDatabaseRead.main()</tt>, and so we
must catch <tt class="classname">DatabaseException</tt> because the <tt class="literal">com.sleepycat.db.*</tt>
APIs throw them.
</p>
<a id="java_cursor12"></a>
<pre class="programlisting"> private static void usage() {
System.out.println("ExampleDatabaseRead [-h <env directory>]" +
"[-s <item to locate>]");
System.exit(-1);
}
public static void main(String args[]) {
ExampleDatabaseRead edr = new ExampleDatabaseRead();
try {
edr.run(args);
} catch (DatabaseException dbe) {
System.err.println("ExampleDatabaseRead: " + dbe.toString());
dbe.printStackTrace();
} finally {
myDbs.close();
}
System.out.println("All done.");
}</pre>
<p>In <tt class="methodname">ExampleDatabaseRead.run()</tt>, we call <tt class="methodname">MyDbs.setup()</tt> to
open our databases. Then we create the bindings that we need for using our data objects with
<tt class="classname">DatabaseEntry</tt> objects.
</p>
<a id="java_cursor13"></a>
<pre class="programlisting"> private void run(String args[])
throws DatabaseException {
// Parse the arguments list
parseArgs(args);
myDbs.setup(myDbsPath);
// Setup our bindings.
inventoryBinding = new InventoryBinding();
vendorBinding =
new SerialBinding(myDbs.getClassCatalog(),
Vendor.class);
showAllInventory();
}</pre>
<p>Now we write the loop that displays the <tt class="classname">Inventory</tt>
records. We do this by opening a cursor on the inventory database and
iterating over all its contents, displaying each as we go.</p>
<a id="java_cursor14"></a>
<pre class="programlisting"> private void showAllInventory()
throws DatabaseException {
// Get a cursor
Cursor cursor = myDbs.getInventoryDB().openCursor(null, null);
// DatabaseEntry objects used for reading records
DatabaseEntry foundKey = new DatabaseEntry();
DatabaseEntry foundData = new DatabaseEntry();
try { // always want to make sure the cursor gets closed
while (cursor.getNext(foundKey, foundData,
LockMode.DEFAULT) == OperationStatus.SUCCESS) {
Inventory theInventory =
(Inventory)inventoryBinding.entryToObject(foundData);
displayInventoryRecord(foundKey, theInventory);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
System.err.println("Error on inventory cursor:");
System.err.println(e.toString());
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
cursor.close();
}
} </pre>
<p>We use <tt class="methodname">ExampleDatabaseRead.displayInventoryRecord()</tt>
to actually show the record. This
method first displays all the relevant information from the retrieved
Inventory object. It then uses the vendor database to retrieve and
display the vendor. Because the vendor database is keyed by vendor name,
and because each inventory object contains this key, it is trivial to
retrieve the appropriate vendor record.</p>
<a id="java_cursor15"></a>
<pre class="programlisting"> private void displayInventoryRecord(DatabaseEntry theKey,
Inventory theInventory)
throws DatabaseException {
String theSKU = new String(theKey.getData(), "UTF-8");
System.out.println(theSKU + ":");
System.out.println("\t " + theInventory.getItemName());
System.out.println("\t " + theInventory.getCategory());
System.out.println("\t " + theInventory.getVendor());
System.out.println("\t\tNumber in stock: " +
theInventory.getVendorInventory());
System.out.println("\t\tPrice per unit: " +
theInventory.getVendorPrice());
System.out.println("\t\tContact: ");
DatabaseEntry searchKey = null;
try {
searchKey =
new DatabaseEntry(theInventory.getVendor().getBytes("UTF-8"));
} catch (IOException willNeverOccur) {}
DatabaseEntry foundVendor = new DatabaseEntry();
if (myDbs.getVendorDB().get(null, searchKey, foundVendor,
LockMode.DEFAULT) != OperationStatus.SUCCESS) {
System.out.println("Could not find vendor: " +
theInventory.getVendor() + ".");
System.exit(-1);
} else {
Vendor theVendor =
(Vendor)vendorBinding.entryToObject(foundVendor);
System.out.println("\t\t " + theVendor.getAddress());
System.out.println("\t\t " + theVendor.getCity() + ", " +
theVendor.getState() + " " + theVendor.getZipcode());
System.out.println("\t\t Business Phone: " +
theVendor.getBusinessPhoneNumber());
System.out.println("\t\t Sales Rep: " +
theVendor.getRepName());
System.out.println("\t\t " +
theVendor.getRepPhoneNumber());
}
}</pre>
<p>The remainder of this application provides a utility method used
to parse the command line options. From the perspective of this
document, this is relatively uninteresting. You can see how this is
implemented by looking at:
</p>
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="emphasis"><em>DB_INSTALL</em></span>/examples_java/db/GettingStarted</pre>
<p>
where <tt class="literal"><span class="emphasis"><em>DB_INSTALL</em></span></tt> is the location where you
placed your DB distribution.
</p>
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